Surf Safety in Madeira
Madeira's waves are world-class but demand respect. This guide covers reef navigation, hazard awareness, and emergency protocols. Read before you paddle out.
All main surf breaks in Madeira are reef or boulder breaks with shallow sections. This is NOT like beach breaks.
Key Hazards
Understanding these risks is essential before surfing Madeira
Most breaks have volcanic reef or boulders just below the surface, especially at low tide. Falling on reef can cause serious lacerations.
- Wear reef booties for protection
- Wetsuit provides skin protection
- Study the reef before entering
Atlantic swells can produce heavy, powerful waves that break quickly over shallow reef. Double-overhead+ conditions are common in winter.
- Know your limits—don't overestimate
- Watch sets from shore first
- Identify safe zones and escape routes
Rip currents and lateral currents are common, especially on bigger days. They can quickly pull you away from the lineup.
- Swim parallel to shore to escape rips
- Pick landmarks to monitor position
- Don't fight the current—conserve energy
Many spots require climbing down cliffs, walking over boulders, or navigating rocky entries. Getting out can be harder than getting in.
- Scout entry/exit points before surfing
- Don't surf alone at remote spots
- Consider tides for exit timing
Essential Equipment
Don't enter the water without these
Wetsuit
Always required. Provides reef protection, warmth, and sun coverage. 3/2mm minimum.
MandatoryReef Booties
Strongly recommended for all reef breaks. Essential for rocky entries and exits.
RecommendedQuality Leash
Strong, well-maintained leash is critical. Losing your board on reef can be dangerous.
MandatoryPre-Surf Checklist
Run through these before every session
- Watch from shore for 10-15 minutes
- Identify where waves break shallowest
- Note current direction and strength
- Find the channel (where waves don't break)
- Check current tide and direction
- Confirm swell size matches your ability
- Check wind direction (offshore = good)
- Know when conditions will change
Emergency Contacts
Save these numbers before your session
European Emergency
General emergency number for police, ambulance, and fire.
Maritime Police
For ocean emergencies and coastal rescue.
Hospital Funchal
Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça - Main hospital in Funchal.
Surf Madeira Help
Local advice, conditions updates, and general assistance.
First Aid: Reef Cuts
Reef cuts can become infected quickly. Here's what to do.
- 1
Exit the water immediately
Saltwater can carry bacteria into the wound.
- 2
Clean with fresh water
Rinse thoroughly. Remove any visible reef fragments with tweezers.
- 3
Apply antiseptic
Use iodine or hydrogen peroxide. Reef cuts are prone to infection.
- 4
Cover and monitor
Use clean bandages. Watch for redness, swelling, or pus (infection signs).
- !
Seek medical attention if:
Deep cuts, visible bone/tendon, signs of infection, or if you can't remove debris.
Surf Safely, Surf Confidently
Download our 22-point safety checklist and get personalized spot recommendations for your skill level.